Have you ever been told, "He's a boy! he'll talk when he's ready!"?  Many parents hear this reassurance when they are concerned about their child's speech and language development. While there is some truth behind the statement, it does not tell the whole story.

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition that is typically diagnosed in childhood. Traditional estimates suggest that boys are around four times more likely to receive an autism diagnosis than girls (UCLA Health, 2023). However, growing research suggests that this difference may not reflect how common autism truly is. Instead, autism in females is often under-recognised because it can present differently from the traditional profile.

According to the Royal College of Speech and Language Therapists (RCSLT, n.d.), 81% of children with emotional and behavioural disorders have significant, yet unidentified, communication needs. In addition, children with persistent and severe conduct problems are around three times more likely to have low verbal ability than children at a lower risk of conduct problems. These findings highlight the importance of considering communication when trying to understand behaviour (Conti-Ramsden et al., 2012).